Table of Contents
Introduction
With its strategic location in western Europe, the land that is now Belgium has been an important stronghold for centuries. From ancient Roman outposts to World War battlegrounds, numerous fortresses have risen and fallen on this soil. But it was during the Middle Ages that castle-building truly flourished here. Today, visitors can step back in time to explore Belgium’s rich medieval heritage through its formidable castles.
This article unearths the stories behind some of Belgium’s most famous fortresses, as well as some hidden gems. We’ll discover dramatic clifftop castles, perfectly preserved manors, imposing ruined keeps, and more. Let’s begin unravelling the history of these extraordinary medieval castles in Belgium.
The Famous Castles of Belgium
Gravensteen Castle
Rising above the skyline of Ghent, Gravensteen Castle is one of Belgium’s most iconic medieval castles. First built in 1180 by Philip of Alsace, the Count of Flanders, it served as the seat of the Counts of Flanders for centuries. With its moat, turrets and arrow slits, Gravensteen (Dutch for “Castle of the Counts”) is the epitome of a classic medieval fortress.
Inside, visitors can explore the reconstructed wooden living quarters, armouries, torture chambers and dungeons. Don’t miss climbing the central keep for panoramic city views. The Gravensteen is also home to a museum exhibiting suits of armour and instruments of torture – perfect for delving into medieval history.
Bouillon Castle
Dramatically situated on a rocky outcrop overlooking the Semois River, Bouillon Castle oozes medieval charm. Dating from around 1000 AD, it was the stronghold of the Dukes of Bouillon and the legendary Crusader Godfrey of Bouillon.
Godfrey led the Siege of Jerusalem in 1099 and became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Visitors can view his colourful story depicted in the museum’s tapestries and traverse the ramparts for sublime clifftop views. The castle itself is like a maze of courtyards, tunnels, towers and walls to explore.
Beersel Castle
Nestled in the pretty countryside near Brussels, Beersel Castle encapsulates everything we imagine in a medieval moated fortress. First built in around 1420, its fortified walls, circular towers and tranquil moat surround green courtyards.
Though partly ruined, the reconstructions powerfully evoke Beersel’s history as a strategic outpost. Climb the Lauderon tower for panoramas towards Brussels and explore the whimsical medieval gardens. Beersel also hosts jousting festivals, theatre and fairytales to delight visitors.
Horst Castle
Nestled in rural Limburg near the Dutch border, Horst Castle contrasts with traditional fortresses. This 18th century manor house was built in playful Baroque style, with elegant styling and lavish interiors.
Wander through the opulent Knights’ Hall, ballroom and drawing rooms. The beautiful landscaped gardens feature ponds, sculptures and an impressive gatehouse. Horst Castle is still privately owned by the noble d’Hane de Steenstraete family and often hosts prestigious events. Stay nearby to fully soak up the aristocratic ambience.
Lesser-Known Gems
La Roche-en-Ardenne Castle
Tucked away in Belgium’s hilly Ardennes region, La Roche-en-Ardenne Castle is an unsung treasure. Standing proudly above the Ourthe River, its cylindrical towers, imposing ramparts and ruined keep transport us back to the 12th century.
Inside the castle walls, the medieval herb gardens and whispering gatehouse dungeons are highlights. As evening falls, La Roche-en-Ardenne becomes the perfect setting for spooky tales – it’s even said ghosts of past lords and ladies still haunt the castle!
Durbuy Castle
High on an imposing rocky outcrop lies Durbuy Castle, keeping watch over the quaint town of Durbuy far below. Durbuy is officially the smallest city in the world, but its clifftop castle has big pedigree. Dating from the 11th century, its robust stone walls and round bastion tower cut a striking silhouette against the sky.
The original medieval interiors are long gone, but peaceful walking trails now weave around the castle. Wander amidst the ruins and soak up panoramic views over Durbuy’s jumble of red rooftops and beyond.
Modave Castle
Sitting proudly above the Hoyoux Valley, the lavish Modave Castle is a Baroque treat. Built in the 17th century, the château has hardly changed since its construction. Visitors can experience opulent aristocratic life wandering through its plush salons, fine furniture and regal halls.
Outside, Modave Castle is all turrets, balustrades and perfectly manicured gardens. Stroll around the estate to admire its majestic rolling grounds, with scenic trails leading down to the river below. This is one of Belgium’s most beautifully preserved castles.
Corroy-le-Château
Tucked away in the rural Condroz region, Corroy-le-Château often flies under the radar. But behind its ivy-clad walls lies a mesmerising ruined medieval castle straight out of a fairytale. Dating back to the 13th century, parts of its original keep and towers still stand tall, cloaked in mystery and atmosphere.
Let your imagination unfurl exploring the enchanting ruins. Panoramas from the castle stretch across the patchwork fields of the Condroz countryside, a serene spot to reflect on times long passed.
Visiting Belgium’s Castles
Getting there
Many of Belgium’s medieval castles are easily accessible by public transport. Trains connect major cities like Brussels, Ghent and Liège to towns near the castles daily. From there, buses or taxis can bridge the final distance. Driving is also convenient, but parking is limited at some castles.
Opening times and entry fees
Opening times and entry fees vary for each castle. Most are open daily from March/April to September/October, sometimes with reduced hours in winter. Standard entry fees are around €5-15 for adults and €2-8 for children. Look out for special events like medieval festivals, theatre productions and Christmas markets that bring the castles alive.
Guided tours
Joining a guided tour can greatly enhance a castle visit. Most offer tours in French, Dutch and English on specific schedules. Private and group tours are also available to suit. Pre-booking is recommended to secure a spot.
Onsite facilities
The larger restored castles like Gravensteen and Bouillon have handy visitor facilities. These include cafes or restaurants providing refreshments, gift shops stocking souvenirs, and toilets. More ruined sites offer minimal amenities, so come prepared!
Nearby attractions
Consider exploring beyond the castles to surrounding medieval towns and cities full of heritage. Nearby hiking trails, cycling paths, rivers and caves add outdoor adventure. Don’t miss Belgium’s fine local beers, chocolates and cuisine either! Checking area accommodation will reveal other worthwhile sights to visit.
Conclusion
From the soaring ramparts of Bouillon to the lush gardens of Horst, Belgium’s castles offer countless ways to delve into the past. Whether marvelling at the Gravensteen in Ghent or soaking up history at Modave, stories of medieval life here come alive. Even lesser-known ruins like Corroy-le-Château capture the imagination. The next time you’re exploring Belgium, take a journey into its Middle Ages by visiting some extraordinary castles.
FAQs
What are the oldest medieval castles in Belgium?
Some of the earliest medieval castles in Belgium include Bouillon Castle (from around 1000 AD) and Durbuy Castle (11th century). La Roche-en-Ardenne Castle also dates back to the 12th century.
Which Belgian castle has the best views?
Bouillon Castle, perched dramatically on a clifftop above the Semois River, offers some of Belgium’s most breathtaking castle views. Durbuy Castle, high above the petite town of Durbuy, also affords sublime vistas.
What is unique about Horst Castle?
Unlike traditional medieval castles, the 18th century Horst Castle was built as an elegant Baroque manor house. It stands out for its lavish interiors, ornate gardens, aristocratic heritage and use as an events venue.
Are guided tours available in English?
Yes, guided tours in English are available at most of Belgium’s major castles, including Bouillon, Gravensteen and Modave. Private and group tours can also be pre-booked. Audio guides may be available too.
What are the best medieval castle events to see?
Special events like jousting festivals at Beersel Castle, Christmas markets at Gravensteen Castle, and medieval banquets at Horst Castle bring an extra dash of history and atmosphere. Check websites for upcoming events.