Table of Contents
Introduction
The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is unlike any landscape on earth. It is the driest non-polar desert in the world, with some areas receiving absolutely no rainfall for decades on end. The desert stretches 600 miles from the southern border of Peru down through northern Chile, encompassing a variety of breathtaking natural wonders. With its endless salt flats, colorful rock formations, steaming geysers, and starry night skies, the Atacama Desert is a remarkable destination for those seeking adventure. This article will guide you through everything you need to know to plan a memorable journey through Chile’s famed Atacama Desert.
Getting to the Atacama Desert
The Atacama Desert occupies a long stretch of land between the Andes Mountains and Chile’s Pacific Coast. There are no major cities within the desert itself, so most travelers fly into the major hub of Calama or into Antofagasta or Arica farther north. From there, it’s easy to rent a car or book a transfer to San Pedro de Atacama, a small oasis town that serves as a base for Atacama exploration. San Pedro can be reached in about an hour and a half by car from Calama.
Renting a car is recommended if you want flexibility in your itinerary. But beware – you’ll be driving on rough dirt and gravel roads, so an SUV or 4×4 is best. Driving also allows you to visit some of the more remote areas in the south of the desert.
When to Visit the Atacama Desert
The Atacama Desert sees very little rainfall, with most precipitation coming between December and April. Even the rainy season is quite mild here. But some lodging and tour operators do close during these months, so it’s ideal to visit during the Southern Hemisphere autumn and winter between April and November.
In the summer months of December through February, daytime temperatures frequently exceed 100°F. Unless you don’t mind sweltering heat, it’s best to avoid these peak summer months. The shoulder seasons of fall and spring offer warm days and cool nights – perfect for taking advantage of all the outdoor activities.
What to See and Do
Stargazing
The exceptionally dry climate creates prime conditions for stargazing in the Atacama. You’ll be blown away by the clarity and sheer number of stars visible in the night sky. Numerous astronomical tours take travelers far away from any light pollution. Use high-powered telescopes to view galaxies, nebulae, and other celestial objects.
Visiting Geysers
At El Tatio you’ll find the world’s third largest geyser field with spurting fountains of steam, bubbling mud pots, and steaming hot pools. It’s best to arrive at sunrise when the contrast between the cold air and hot steam creates a breathtaking sight.
Sandboarding
If regular snowboarding isn’t adventurous enough for you, head to the massive sand dunes near San Pedro de Atacama and fly down the slopes on a sandboard. Cerro Negro and Monte Pissis are two popular dunes.
Checking Out Ghost Towns
19th-century mining towns like Chiu Chiu and Lasana offer a glimpse into the desert’s past. Wander the abandoned streets and visit old churches. The copper ghost town of Humberstone is also a prime destination.
Taking in the Valley of the Moon
The Valle de la Luna (Valley of the Moon) is named for its lunar-like terrain of jagged rock formations. As the sun sets, the rocks glow in orange and red hues. Go sand hiking through the natural sculptures and stone tree trunks.
Experiencing Indigenous Culture
Several indigenous communities inhabit the Atacama, like the Licanantay and Atacameños. Visit local markets or weaving collectives to interact with artisans and learn about their traditions. The village of Toconao features white-washed buildings and a historic bell tower.
Where to Stay
San Pedro de Atacama
Nearly all options for lodging within the desert can be found in San Pedro de Atacama. The small town offers hostels, hotels, and eco-lodges for any budget. Stay in the walkable town center to be close to restaurants and tour operators.
Camping
For the true desert camping experience, head to less populated areas of the desert. Public camping is allowed nearly anywhere in the desert, so you can pitch a tent beneath the stars. Keep safety in mind and avoid camping in dry riverbeds.
What to Pack
- Lightweight, breathable clothing – long sleeves and pants to protect from sun exposure
- Wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses
- Powerful sunscreen and chapstick
- Sturdy sandals or hiking boots
- Scarf or buff to keep out dust
- Warm layers for cool desert nights
- Sleeping bag, tent and camping gear if camping
- Plenty of extra water and snacks
- First aid supplies
- Flashlight or headlamp
Safety Tips
- Allow time to acclimatize to the high altitude of the Atacama
- Stay hydrated – the dry climate causes fluid loss
- Wear sun protection at all times
- Avoid sunburn and heat stroke in the blazing midday sun
- Tell someone your itinerary in case of emergency
- Exercise caution when camping and driving unfamiliar backroads
Recommended Itineraries
3 Days
A quick three day tour hits some of the top sights, like the Moon Valley, salt flats, and El Tatio Geysers. Spend your evenings stargazing and exploring San Pedro.
1 Week
With a week in the Atacama, you can take on more extensive hiking and biking, while also visiting churches, villages, hot springs, and Laguna Cejar.
2 Weeks
Two full weeks allows time for a road trip from San Pedro down to the southern Salar de Atacama, as well as excursions to remote areas like Ojos del Salado, the Chilean Andes’ highest active volcano.
Conclusion
A journey through the wondrous Atacama Desert reveals some of the most diverse landscapes on the planet, from steaming geysers to cactus-filled canyons to the expansive salt flats. The unique terrain makes for unmatched stargazing and adventures like sandboarding down giant dunes. From desert hikes to indigenous culture to volcanic scenery, the Atacama Desert offers one-of-a-kind experiences you’re unlikely to find anywhere else on earth.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the best time of year to visit the Atacama Desert?
The optimal time to visit is the Southern Hemisphere autumn and winter between April and November when daytime temperatures are milder.
How much does it cost to visit?
Besides airfare to northern Chile, costs typically range from $50-150 USD per day including food, lodging, and activities. Renting a car and camping can help save on expenses.
What is there to do at night besides stargazing?
San Pedro and Calama have bars and nightlife. Many tours offer evening excursions like sunset walks through the Valley of the Moon followed by pisco tasting.
Is it safe to travel alone in the Atacama Desert?
Generally yes, just exercise normal solo travel precautions. Stay on marked trails, tell others your plans, and avoid extremely remote areas alone.
Do I need any special vaccines to visit the Atacama Desert?
No special vaccinations are required, but make sure routine ones like hepatitis A and typhoid are up to date. Spending time acclimatizing can help prevent altitude sickness.